Steady C3H8/air flame: 2.65 cm/s (2.57 cc/s) C3H8; 8.66 cm/s (694 cc/s) air Laser-induced incandescence measurements of soot volume fraction Radius H = 10 mm H = 15 mm H = 20 mm H = 25 mm H = 30 mm H = 35 mm H = 40 mm H = 45 mm H = 50 mm H = 55 mm H = 60 mm H = 65 mm H = 70 mm H = 75 mm -7.00 -1.493E-0009 1.211E-0009 1.141E-0009 -9.752E-0011 2.254E-0009 2.780E-0010 1.559E-0009 6.894E-0010 -2.482E-0009 2.329E-0009 -5.674E-0010 4.441E-0009 -5.107E-0010 -2.316E-0009 -6.75 -6.396E-0010 -1.203E-0009 -1.913E-0009 5.081E-0010 -2.512E-0010 -2.748E-0009 2.416E-0009 9.914E-0010 -7.613E-0010 -4.064E-0010 1.601E-0009 2.074E-0009 -5.323E-0010 -2.174E-0009 -6.50 3.350E-0009 1.070E-0010 1.235E-0009 1.622E-0009 -1.398E-0010 2.348E-0009 -8.763E-0010 3.782E-0009 5.416E-0009 6.753E-0010 -9.936E-0010 1.623E-0010 -2.230E-0009 1.619E-0009 -6.25 2.880E-0009 3.144E-0009 1.402E-0009 4.230E-0009 -1.309E-0009 3.562E-0009 -2.045E-0009 1.611E-0009 3.830E-0010 -2.342E-0009 -4.987E-0010 -1.784E-0009 6.719E-0009 1.033E-0009 -6.00 8.907E-0010 -1.968E-0010 -1.086E-0010 2.044E-0009 -1.829E-0010 1.130E-0009 -9.257E-0010 2.715E-0010 -1.252E-0009 1.186E-0009 6.832E-0010 6.633E-0010 3.538E-0009 2.341E-0009 -5.75 -1.237E-0009 -2.859E-0009 2.366E-0009 4.426E-0009 5.359E-0010 8.763E-0010 2.556E-0009 -2.616E-0009 7.945E-0010 1.074E-0009 7.190E-0011 5.958E-0009 -7.891E-0010 4.686E-0010 -5.50 1.281E-0009 -2.477E-0009 -5.691E-0010 3.384E-0009 2.440E-0009 2.840E-0011 6.557E-0010 2.924E-0010 -1.024E-0009 3.046E-0009 5.699E-0009 4.311E-0009 -1.928E-0009 1.473E-0010 -5.25 1.407E-0008 -4.777E-0010 4.281E-0009 3.248E-0009 2.704E-0010 2.251E-0009 5.081E-0009 4.837E-0009 2.209E-0009 -1.123E-0009 2.576E-0009 2.534E-0009 6.587E-0009 -2.391E-0010 -5.00 5.232E-0008 3.548E-0009 6.492E-0009 5.754E-0009 4.242E-0009 3.413E-0009 4.926E-0009 3.666E-0009 9.583E-0009 1.804E-0009 1.260E-0009 7.734E-0010 2.233E-0009 5.094E-0010 -4.75 9.916E-0008 4.030E-0008 1.074E-0008 9.765E-0009 5.901E-0009 6.624E-0009 4.425E-0009 6.992E-0010 1.170E-0008 5.423E-0010 2.040E-0009 -1.115E-0009 -6.239E-0011 9.161E-0010 -4.50 1.162E-0007 1.691E-0007 7.182E-0008 2.038E-0008 9.379E-0009 1.298E-0008 1.056E-0008 3.165E-0009 1.541E-0009 1.465E-0009 -1.881E-0009 3.265E-0010 5.520E-0010 1.507E-0009 -4.25 9.030E-0008 3.815E-0007 3.109E-0007 1.029E-0007 2.798E-0008 2.096E-0008 1.260E-0008 1.175E-0008 1.204E-0008 5.270E-0009 1.984E-0009 1.633E-0009 4.823E-0009 -3.121E-0010 -4.00 6.090E-0008 4.695E-0007 7.830E-0007 5.383E-0007 1.532E-0007 4.761E-0008 2.508E-0008 2.083E-0008 7.320E-0009 8.681E-0009 6.077E-0009 1.372E-0009 3.130E-0009 1.914E-0009 -3.75 4.144E-0008 3.598E-0007 1.129E-0006 1.452E-0006 8.189E-0007 3.829E-0007 7.397E-0008 2.028E-0008 1.202E-0008 1.560E-0008 1.038E-0008 2.611E-0009 -2.133E-0010 2.047E-0009 -3.50 2.440E-0008 1.786E-0007 9.878E-0007 2.025E-0006 2.398E-0006 1.812E-0006 4.926E-0007 7.596E-0008 3.981E-0008 3.182E-0008 6.930E-0009 2.696E-0009 3.498E-0010 2.078E-0009 -3.25 1.898E-0008 7.087E-0008 5.256E-0007 1.728E-0006 3.527E-0006 4.260E-0006 2.478E-0006 6.842E-0007 7.797E-0008 3.080E-0008 9.360E-0009 1.327E-0008 6.135E-0009 5.931E-0010 -3.00 1.446E-0008 4.578E-0008 2.250E-0007 8.942E-0007 2.857E-0006 5.284E-0006 5.409E-0006 3.250E-0006 6.791E-0007 2.374E-0007 1.733E-0008 9.114E-0009 1.546E-0009 1.267E-0010 -2.75 1.103E-0008 4.500E-0008 1.117E-0007 3.832E-0007 1.452E-0006 3.924E-0006 6.285E-0006 6.081E-0006 2.998E-0006 1.562E-0006 1.061E-0007 1.208E-0008 7.247E-0009 5.631E-0010 -2.50 7.358E-0009 2.818E-0008 6.666E-0008 1.623E-0007 5.685E-0007 1.905E-0006 4.423E-0006 5.435E-0006 5.145E-0006 3.183E-0006 6.961E-0007 7.941E-0008 3.441E-0009 1.656E-0009 -2.25 2.751E-0009 2.224E-0008 5.103E-0008 1.003E-0007 2.796E-0007 9.271E-0007 2.752E-0006 3.878E-0006 4.786E-0006 3.411E-0006 1.552E-0006 2.648E-0007 1.574E-0008 9.064E-0010 -2.00 1.401E-0009 1.411E-0008 3.955E-0008 6.958E-0008 1.712E-0007 4.863E-0007 1.832E-0006 2.957E-0006 3.587E-0006 3.042E-0006 1.831E-0006 5.280E-0007 3.590E-0008 2.804E-0009 -1.75 3.910E-0009 1.201E-0008 2.697E-0008 6.271E-0008 1.140E-0007 2.836E-0007 1.342E-0006 2.625E-0006 3.188E-0006 3.044E-0006 2.129E-0006 9.030E-0007 9.378E-0008 6.567E-0009 -1.50 2.123E-0009 4.837E-0009 2.901E-0008 5.153E-0008 9.687E-0008 2.078E-0007 9.990E-0007 2.321E-0006 3.006E-0006 3.050E-0006 2.556E-0006 1.435E-0006 2.686E-0007 9.632E-0009 -1.25 2.596E-0009 4.245E-0009 1.648E-0008 3.241E-0008 9.042E-0008 1.828E-0007 7.658E-0007 2.064E-0006 2.720E-0006 2.987E-0006 2.710E-0006 1.891E-0006 6.738E-0007 3.310E-0008 -1.00 2.264E-0009 -1.142E-0009 8.896E-0009 2.492E-0008 4.937E-0008 1.478E-0007 5.195E-0007 1.793E-0006 2.443E-0006 2.885E-0006 2.755E-0006 2.275E-0006 1.112E-0006 1.314E-0007 -0.75 7.199E-0010 3.688E-0009 4.817E-0009 1.983E-0008 5.288E-0008 9.558E-0008 4.335E-0007 1.651E-0006 2.564E-0006 2.811E-0006 2.818E-0006 2.546E-0006 1.514E-0006 3.095E-0007 -0.50 -1.550E-0010 -1.625E-0009 5.098E-0009 1.411E-0008 4.359E-0008 1.007E-0007 3.314E-0007 1.604E-0006 2.354E-0006 2.772E-0006 2.917E-0006 2.553E-0006 1.828E-0006 5.001E-0007 -0.25 1.746E-0009 2.527E-0009 6.231E-0009 1.484E-0008 3.788E-0008 9.856E-0008 2.810E-0007 1.432E-0006 2.284E-0006 2.690E-0006 2.730E-0006 2.604E-0006 1.904E-0006 6.506E-0007 0.00 2.050E-0009 -2.171E-0009 4.323E-0009 6.087E-0009 3.217E-0008 9.408E-0008 2.653E-0007 1.501E-0006 2.193E-0006 2.588E-0006 2.600E-0006 2.745E-0006 1.975E-0006 7.272E-0007 0.25 1.746E-0009 2.527E-0009 6.231E-0009 1.484E-0008 3.788E-0008 9.856E-0008 2.810E-0007 1.432E-0006 2.284E-0006 2.690E-0006 2.730E-0006 2.604E-0006 1.904E-0006 6.506E-0007 0.50 -1.550E-0010 -1.625E-0009 5.098E-0009 1.411E-0008 4.359E-0008 1.007E-0007 3.314E-0007 1.604E-0006 2.354E-0006 2.772E-0006 2.917E-0006 2.553E-0006 1.828E-0006 5.001E-0007 0.75 7.199E-0010 3.688E-0009 4.817E-0009 1.983E-0008 5.288E-0008 9.558E-0008 4.335E-0007 1.651E-0006 2.564E-0006 2.811E-0006 2.818E-0006 2.546E-0006 1.514E-0006 3.095E-0007 1.00 2.264E-0009 -1.142E-0009 8.896E-0009 2.492E-0008 4.937E-0008 1.478E-0007 5.195E-0007 1.793E-0006 2.443E-0006 2.885E-0006 2.755E-0006 2.275E-0006 1.112E-0006 1.314E-0007 1.25 2.596E-0009 4.245E-0009 1.648E-0008 3.241E-0008 9.042E-0008 1.828E-0007 7.658E-0007 2.064E-0006 2.720E-0006 2.987E-0006 2.710E-0006 1.891E-0006 6.738E-0007 3.310E-0008 1.50 2.123E-0009 4.837E-0009 2.901E-0008 5.153E-0008 9.687E-0008 2.078E-0007 9.990E-0007 2.321E-0006 3.006E-0006 3.050E-0006 2.556E-0006 1.435E-0006 2.686E-0007 9.632E-0009 1.75 3.910E-0009 1.201E-0008 2.697E-0008 6.271E-0008 1.140E-0007 2.836E-0007 1.342E-0006 2.625E-0006 3.188E-0006 3.044E-0006 2.129E-0006 9.030E-0007 9.378E-0008 6.567E-0009 2.00 1.401E-0009 1.411E-0008 3.955E-0008 6.958E-0008 1.712E-0007 4.863E-0007 1.832E-0006 2.957E-0006 3.587E-0006 3.042E-0006 1.831E-0006 5.280E-0007 3.590E-0008 2.804E-0009 2.25 2.751E-0009 2.224E-0008 5.103E-0008 1.003E-0007 2.796E-0007 9.271E-0007 2.752E-0006 3.878E-0006 4.786E-0006 3.411E-0006 1.552E-0006 2.648E-0007 1.574E-0008 9.064E-0010 2.50 7.358E-0009 2.818E-0008 6.666E-0008 1.623E-0007 5.685E-0007 1.905E-0006 4.423E-0006 5.435E-0006 5.145E-0006 3.183E-0006 6.961E-0007 7.941E-0008 3.441E-0009 1.656E-0009 2.75 1.103E-0008 4.500E-0008 1.117E-0007 3.832E-0007 1.452E-0006 3.924E-0006 6.285E-0006 6.081E-0006 2.998E-0006 1.562E-0006 1.061E-0007 1.208E-0008 7.247E-0009 5.631E-0010 3.00 1.446E-0008 4.578E-0008 2.250E-0007 8.942E-0007 2.857E-0006 5.284E-0006 5.409E-0006 3.250E-0006 6.791E-0007 2.374E-0007 1.733E-0008 9.114E-0009 1.546E-0009 1.267E-0010 3.25 1.898E-0008 7.087E-0008 5.256E-0007 1.728E-0006 3.527E-0006 4.260E-0006 2.478E-0006 6.842E-0007 7.797E-0008 3.080E-0008 9.360E-0009 1.327E-0008 6.135E-0009 5.931E-0010 3.50 2.440E-0008 1.786E-0007 9.878E-0007 2.025E-0006 2.398E-0006 1.812E-0006 4.926E-0007 7.596E-0008 3.981E-0008 3.182E-0008 6.930E-0009 2.696E-0009 3.498E-0010 2.078E-0009 3.75 4.144E-0008 3.598E-0007 1.129E-0006 1.452E-0006 8.189E-0007 3.829E-0007 7.397E-0008 2.028E-0008 1.202E-0008 1.560E-0008 1.038E-0008 2.611E-0009 -2.133E-0010 2.047E-0009 4.00 6.090E-0008 4.695E-0007 7.830E-0007 5.383E-0007 1.532E-0007 4.761E-0008 2.508E-0008 2.083E-0008 7.320E-0009 8.681E-0009 6.077E-0009 1.372E-0009 3.130E-0009 1.914E-0009 4.25 9.030E-0008 3.815E-0007 3.109E-0007 1.029E-0007 2.798E-0008 2.096E-0008 1.260E-0008 1.175E-0008 1.204E-0008 5.270E-0009 1.984E-0009 1.633E-0009 4.823E-0009 -3.121E-0010 4.50 1.162E-0007 1.691E-0007 7.182E-0008 2.038E-0008 9.379E-0009 1.298E-0008 1.056E-0008 3.165E-0009 1.541E-0009 1.465E-0009 -1.881E-0009 3.265E-0010 5.520E-0010 1.507E-0009 4.75 9.916E-0008 4.030E-0008 1.074E-0008 9.765E-0009 5.901E-0009 6.624E-0009 4.425E-0009 6.992E-0010 1.170E-0008 5.423E-0010 2.040E-0009 -1.115E-0009 -6.239E-0011 9.161E-0010 5.00 5.232E-0008 3.548E-0009 6.492E-0009 5.754E-0009 4.242E-0009 3.413E-0009 4.926E-0009 3.666E-0009 9.583E-0009 1.804E-0009 1.260E-0009 7.734E-0010 2.233E-0009 5.094E-0010 5.25 1.407E-0008 -4.777E-0010 4.281E-0009 3.248E-0009 2.704E-0010 2.251E-0009 5.081E-0009 4.837E-0009 2.209E-0009 -1.123E-0009 2.576E-0009 2.534E-0009 6.587E-0009 -2.391E-0010 5.50 1.281E-0009 -2.477E-0009 -5.691E-0010 3.384E-0009 2.440E-0009 2.840E-0011 6.557E-0010 2.924E-0010 -1.024E-0009 3.046E-0009 5.699E-0009 4.311E-0009 -1.928E-0009 1.473E-0010 5.75 -1.237E-0009 -2.859E-0009 2.366E-0009 4.426E-0009 5.359E-0010 8.763E-0010 2.556E-0009 -2.616E-0009 7.945E-0010 1.074E-0009 7.190E-0011 5.958E-0009 -7.891E-0010 4.686E-0010 6.00 8.907E-0010 -1.968E-0010 -1.086E-0010 2.044E-0009 -1.829E-0010 1.130E-0009 -9.257E-0010 2.715E-0010 -1.252E-0009 1.186E-0009 6.832E-0010 6.633E-0010 3.538E-0009 2.341E-0009 6.25 2.880E-0009 3.144E-0009 1.402E-0009 4.230E-0009 -1.309E-0009 3.562E-0009 -2.045E-0009 1.611E-0009 3.830E-0010 -2.342E-0009 -4.987E-0010 -1.784E-0009 6.719E-0009 1.033E-0009 6.50 3.350E-0009 1.070E-0010 1.235E-0009 1.622E-0009 -1.398E-0010 2.348E-0009 -8.763E-0010 3.782E-0009 5.416E-0009 6.753E-0010 -9.936E-0010 1.623E-0010 -2.230E-0009 1.619E-0009 6.75 -6.396E-0010 -1.203E-0009 -1.913E-0009 5.081E-0010 -2.512E-0010 -2.748E-0009 2.416E-0009 9.914E-0010 -7.613E-0010 -4.064E-0010 1.601E-0009 2.074E-0009 -5.323E-0010 -2.174E-0009 7.00 -1.493E-0009 1.211E-0009 1.141E-0009 -9.752E-0011 2.254E-0009 2.780E-0010 1.559E-0009 6.894E-0010 -2.482E-0009 2.329E-0009 -5.674E-0010 4.441E-0009 -5.107E-0010 -2.316E-0009