Smoke Measurements Using a Helicopter Transported Sampling Package.
Smoke Measurements Using a Helicopter Transported
Sampling Package.
(1107 K)
Walton, W. D.; McElroy, J. A.; Twilley, W. H.;
Hiltabrand, R. R.
NIST SP 995; Volume 2; March 2003.
Environment Canada. Arctic and Marine Oil Spill Program
(AMOP) Technical Seminar, 17th Proceedings. Volume 1.
June 8-10, 1994, Vancouver, British Columbia, 735-764
pp, 1994.
Keywords:
oil spills; in situ combustion; smoke measurement;
helicopters; sampling; instruments; experiments; burning
rate; smoke yield; particle size distribution;
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; regression rate
Abstract:
A first generation smoke sampling package designed to be
deployed on a helicopter winch cable has been developed.
The package contains three sampling pumps which are
operated via radio control from the helicopter. The
pumps can be fitted with a variety of sampling trains
and gas collection bags. The package also contains
instruments for measuring and recording temperature,
relative humidity, barometric pressure, wind speed, and
package orientation. The package was tested using a
Coast Guard HH-65A helicopter for aerodynamic stability
without a fire and was then used to collect smoke
samples from two 231 m2 diesel fuel fires at the U.S.
Coast Guard Fire and Safety Test Detachment in Mobile,
Alabama. An improved smoke sampling package designed to
be suspended beneath a tethered helium filled miniblimp
was also developed and used to collect samples from a 37
m2 diesel fuel fire. The burning rate for diesel fuel
on water as indicated by the surface regression rate was
found to be 0.074 + 0.00l mm/s. Smoke particle yields
ranged from 9 to 14% of the mass of fuel burned. PAH
concentrations on the smoke particle were measured. The
cumulative size distribution of aerodynamic effective
diameters for the diesel fuel smoke particulate were
found to be similar to those previously measured for
crude oil.
