Smoke Production From Large Oil Pool Fires.
Smoke Production From Large Oil Pool Fires.
(507 K)
Notarianni, K. A.; Evans, D. D.; Walton, W. D.
NIST SP 995; Volume 2; March 2003.
Interscience Communications Ltd.; National Institute of
Standards and Technology; Building Research
Establishment; and Society of Fire Protection Engineers.
Interflam 1993. (Interflam '93). Fire Safety.
International Fire Conference, 6th. March 30-April 1,
1993, Oxford, England, Interscience Communications Ltd.,
London, England, Franks, C. A., Editor(s), 111-119 pp,
1993.
Keywords:
fire safety; fire science; pool fires; smoke production;
oil spills; crude oil; smoke yield
Abstract:
This study is motivated by a desire to understand the
near and far field effects of large fires, and in
particular the current need to understand the
consequences of burning large pools of oil as a means of
responding to a spill emergency. A concern related to
burning oil is that the smoke particulate content of the
plume may be a health hazard. The smoke yield (fraction
of the burned fuel that is emitted as smoke particulate)
was measured for crude oils in laboratory and mesoscale
field experiments conducted in the United States and
Japan. Scaling of smoke yield from laboratory to large
scale fires is based on results from pool fire
experiments from 0.85 m to 17.2 m in diameter. An
important finding of this study is that smoke yield
varies approximately by a factor of two between
laboratory tests (6 percent smoke yield) and larger
diameter fires conducted out-of-doors (13 percent smoke
yield). The large laboratory experiments conducted in
Japan, showed that a pool fire of a 2 m in diameter
produced nominally the same smoke yield as the largest
fires tested.
