BFRL Publications - carbon dioxide

carbon dioxide

• Analysis of Fire and Non-Fire Signatures for Discriminating Fire Detection.
  International Association for Fire Safety Science. Fire Safety Science. Proceedings. Fifth (5th) International Symposium. March 3-7, 1997, Melbourne, Australia, Intl. Assoc. for Fire Safety Science, Boston, MA, Hasemi, Y., Editor(s), 819-828 pp, 1997.
  Milke, J. A.; McAvoy, T. J.
• Analysis of Ventilation Data from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Building Assessment Survey and Evaluation (BASE) Study.
  NISTIR 7145-Revised; 122 p. November 2008.
  Persily, A. K.; Gorfain, J.
• Assessing the Accuracy of a Physical Fire Model for Obtaining Smoke Toxic Potency Data.
  Volume 2;Interflam 2007. (Interflam '07). International Interflam Conference, 11th Proceedings. Volume 2. September 3-5, 2007, London, England, 1021-1032 pp, 2007.
  Gann, R. G.; Averill, J. D.; Marsh, N. D.; Nyden, M. R.
• Behavior of Flame/Plume Flow In and Near Corner Fire: Entrainment Coefficient for Corner Fire.
  NISTIR 6588; November 2000.U.S./Japan Government Cooperative Program on Natural Resources (UJNR). Fire Research and Safety. 15th Joint Panel Meeting. Volume 2. Proceedings. March 1-7, 2000, San Antonio, TX, Bryner, S. L., Editor(s), 489-493 pp, 2000.
  Sugawa, O.; Tobari, M.
• BLCC: The NIST "Building Life-Cycle Cost" Program, Version 4.3 User's Guide and Reference Manual.
  NISTIR 5185-3; 33 p. October 1995.
  Petersen, S. R.
• Challenges in Developing Environmentally Safe Heat Pumping Systems.
  ZSITS International Thermal Science Seminar, American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Proceedings. June 11-13, 2000, Bled, Slovenia, 1-10 pp, 2000.
  Didion, D. A.; Brown, J. S.
• Characterization and Identification of Super-Effective Thermal Fire Extinguishing Agents. Final Report. NGP Project 4C/1/890.
  NIST Technical Note 1440; NIST TN 1440; 138 p. July 2006.
  Pitts, W. M.; Yang, J. C.; Bryant, R. A.; Blevins, L. G.; Huber, M. L.
• Combustion Products and Their Effects on Life Safety.
  Volume 1; Chapter 2 - Section 6; NFPA FPH2008;Fire Protection Handbook, 20th Edition. Volume 1. Chapter 2. Section 6, National Fire Protection Assoc., Quincy, MA, Cote, A. E.; Grant, C. C.; Hall, J. R., Jr.; Solomon, R. E., Editor(s), 6/11-34 p., 2008.
  Gann, R. G.; Bryner, N. P.
• Combustion Suppression of Methane by CO2/CF3Br, CO2/C2F4Br2 AND N2/CF3I.
  NIST SP 984-2; NIST Special Publication 984-2;Halon Options Technical Working Conference, 14th. Proceedings. HOTWC 2004. Sponsored by: 3M Specialty Materials, Boeing, Chemical Development Studies, Inc., DuPont Fire Extinguishants, Halon Alternative Research Corp., Hughes Associates, Inc., Kidde-Fenwal, Inc., Sandia National Laboratories, SEVO Systems, Next Generation Fire Suppression Technology Program. May 4-6, 2004, Albuquerque, NM, 1-11 pp, 2004.
  Lisochkin, Y. A.; Poznyak, V. I.; Belevtsev, E. G.; Kunina, L. N.
• Comparitive Analysis of an Automative Air Conditioning Systems Operating With CO2 and R134a.
  International Journal of Refirgeration, Vol. 25, No. 1, 19-32, 2002.
  Brown, J. S.; Yana-Motta, S. F.; Domanski, P. A.
• Computational Model of Dissipation of Oxygen From an Outward Leak of a Closed-Circuit Breathing Device.
  NIST TN 1484; NIST Technical Note 1484; 47 p. June 2007.
  Butler, K. M.
• Discriminating Fire Detection With Multiple Sensors and Neural Networks.
  Fire Suppression and Detection Research Application Symposium. Research and Practice: Bridging the Gap. Proceedings. National Fire Protection Research Foundation. February 12-14, 1997, Orlando, FL, 12-26 pp, 1997.
  Milke, J. A.
• Effects of Humidity and Elevated Temperature on the Density and Thermal Conductivity of a Rigid Polyisocyanurate Foam Co-Blown With CCI3F and CO2.
  Society of the Plastics Industry of Canada's. Workshop on Long-Term Performance of Cellular Plastics, 3rd International. October 4-6, 1993, Ontario, Canada, 1-21 pp, 1993.Journal of Thermal Insulation and Building Environments, Vol. 17, 330-350, April 1994.
  Zarr, R. R.; Nguyen, T.
• Effects of Sample Orientation on Nonpiloted Ignition of Thin Poly(methyl methacrylate) Sheets by a Laser. Part 2. Experimental Results.
  Combustion and Flame, Vol. 145, No. 4, 820-835, June 2006.
  Gotoda, H.; Manzello, S. L.; Saso, Y.; Kashiwagi, T.
• EMISS: A Program for Estimating Local Air Pollution Emission Factors Related to Energy Use in Buildings. User's Guide and Reference Manual.
  NISTIR 5704; 33 p. October 1995.
  Petersen, S. R.
• Estimate of the Correction Applied to Radiant Flame Measurements Due to Attenuation by Atmospheric CO2 and H2O.
  Fire Safety Journal, Vol. 37, No. 2, 181-190, March 2002.
  Fuss, S. P.; Hamins, A.
• Evaluating Building IAQ and Ventilation With Indoor Carbon Dioxide.
  ASHRAE Transactions, Vol. 103, No. 2, 1997.
  Persily, A. K.
• Evaluation of Calculation Methodologies for the Safe Use of Clean Agents Onboard Aircraft.
  Paper 32; HOTWC 2005; NIST SP 984-3;Halon Options Technical Working Conference, 15th Proceedings. HOTWC 2005. Sponsored by: 3M Specialty Materials, Boeing, Chemical Development Studies, Inc., DuPont Fire Extinguishants, Halon Alternative Research Corp., Hughes Associates, Inc., Kidde-Fenwal, Inc., Sandia National Laboratories, SEVO Systems, Next Generation Fire Suppression Technology Program. May 24-26, 2005, Albuquerque, NM, 1-14 pp, 2005.
  Colton, B. A.; Nay, A.
• Evaluation of Carbon Dioxide as R-22 Substitute for Residential Air-Conditioning.
  HI-02-13-3;Annual Meeting, 2002. Proceedings. 2002, Honolulu, HI, 2002.ASHRAE Transactions, Vol. 108, No. 2, 954-964.
  Brown, J. S.; Kim, Y.; Domanski, P. A.
• Experiments and Modeling of Multiple Workstations Burning in a Compartment. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the World Trade Center Disaster.
  NIST NCSTAR 1-5B; 352 p. September 2005.
  Hamins, A.; Maranghides, A.; McGrattan, K. B.; Johnsson, E. L.; Ohlemiller, T. J.; Donnelly, M. K.; Yang, J. C.; Mulholland, G. W.; Prasad, K. R.; Kukuck, S. R.; Anleitner, R. L.; McAllister, T. P.
• Experiments and Modeling of Multiple Workstations Burning in a Compartment. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the World Trade Center Disaster.
  NIST NCSTAR 1-5E; 158 p. September 2005.
  Hamins, A.; Maranghides, A.; McGrattan, K. B.; Ohlemiller, T. J.; Anleitner, R. L.
• Extinction Characteristics of Cup-Burner Flame in Microgravity.
  AIAA 2003-1150; 12 p. 2003.
  Katta, V. R.; Takahashi, F.; Linteris, G. T.
• Extinguishment of Methane Diffusion Flames by Carbon Dioxide in Coflow Air and Oxygen-Enriched Microgravity Environments.
  Combustion and Flame, Vol. 155, No. 1/2, 37-53, October 2008.
  Takahashi, F.; Linteris, G. T.; Katta, V. R.
• Few Caveats on Carbon Dioxide Monitoring.
  IAQ Journal, Vol. 4, No. 1, 22-25, Summer 1994.
  Persily, A. K.
• Fire Fighting Tactics Under Wind Driven Conditions: Laboratory Experiments.
  NIST TN 1618; NIST Technical Note 1618; 413 p. January 2009.
  Madrzykowski, D.; Kerber, S. I.
• Flame Inhibition by Ferrocene, Alone and With CO2 and CF3H.
  Halon Options Technical Working Conference. Proceedings. HOTWC 2000. Sponsored by: University of New Mexico, Fire Suppression Systems Assoc., Fire and Safety Group, Great Lakes Chemical Corp., Halon Alternative Research Corp., Hughes Associates, Inc., Kidde Fenwal, Inc., Kidde International, Modular Protection, Inc., Next Generation Fire Suppression Technology Program, Sandia National Laboratories, Summit Environmental Corp., Inc. and 3M Specialty Materials. May 2-4, 2000, Albuquerque, NM, 129-140 pp, 2000.
  Linteris, G. T.; Rumminger, M. D.; Babushok, V. I.
• Forest Fires in Boreal Forest: The Alaska Taiga.
  NISTIR 6588; November 2000.U.S./Japan Government Cooperative Program on Natural Resources (UJNR). Fire Research and Safety. 15th Joint Panel Meeting. Volume 2. Proceedings. March 1-7, 2000, San Antonio, TX, Bryner, S. L., Editor(s), 365-372 pp, 2000.
  Hayasaka, H.
• Full Scale Room Burn Pattern Study.
  NIJ Report 601-97; Project No. 96-002IA; 59 p. December 1997.
  Putorti, A. D., Jr.
• Fundamental Aspects of the Application of Carbon Dioxide in Comfort Cooling.
  ICR0100;Refrigeration International Congress, 21st IIR. (IRC2003).Technical Session: B1-9 - A New Old Refrigerant: Carbon Dioxide - Components and Systems I. Proceedings. August 17-22, 2003, Washington, DC, 2004.
  Brown, J. S.; Domanski, P. A.
• Further Development of the N-Gas Mathematical Model: An Approach for Predicting the Toxic Potency of Complex Combustion Mixtures.
  American Chemical Society. Fire and Polymers II: Materials and Tests for Hazard Prevention. National Meeting, 208th. Chapter 20. ACS Symposium Series No. 599. August 21-26, 1994, Washington, DC, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, Nelson, G. L., Editor(s), 293-311 pp, 1995.
  Levin, B. C.; Braun, E.; Navarro, M.; Paabo, M.
• Further Studies of Cup-Burner Flame Extinguishment.
  HOTWC 2006;Halon Options Technical Working Conference, 16th Proceedings. HOTWC 2006. May 16-18, 2006, Albuquerque, NM, 1-13 pp, 2006.
  Takahashi, F.; Linteris, G. T.; Katta, V. R.
• Global Combustion Behavior of 1 MW to 3 MW Hydrocarbon Spray Fires Burning in an Open Environment.
  NISTIR 7013; 15 p. June 2003.
  Hamins, A.; Maranghides, A.; Mulholland, G. W.
• Ground-Based Smoke Sampling Techniques Training Course and Collaborative Local Smoke Sampling in Saudi Arabia.
  NISTIR 5306; 85 p. Issued January 1994.
  Bryner, N. P.; Benner, B. A., Jr.
• Hand Held Fire Extinguisher (HHFE) Halon Replacement Program for Army Ground Vehicles, Status and Successes.
  HOTWC 2006;Halon Options Technical Working Conference, 16th Proceedings. HOTWC 2006. May 16-18, 2006, Albuquerque, NM, 1-5 pp, 2006.
  McCormick, S.; Clauson, M.
• In Situ Burning of Oil Spills: Mesoscale Experiments and Analysis.
  NIST SP 995; Volume 2; March 2003.Environment Canada. Arctic and Marine Oil Spill Program Technical Seminar, 16th. Volume 2. June 7-9, 1993, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, Environment Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, 679-734 pp, 1993.
  Walton, W. D.; Evans, D. D.; McGrattan, K. B.; Baum, H. R.; Twilley, W. H.; Madrzykowski, D.; Putorti, A. D., Jr.; Rehm, R. G.; Koseki, H.; Tennyson, E. J.
• Literature Review on CO2-Based Demand-Controlled Ventilation.
  ASHRAE Transactions, Vol. 103, No. 2, 1997.
  Emmerich, S. J.; Persily, A. K.
• Modeling the IAQ Impact of HH1 Interventions in Inner-City Housing.
  NISTIR 7212; 99 p. March 2005.
  Emmerich, S. J.; Howard-Reed, C.; Gupte, A.
• Numerical Investigations of CO2 as Fire Suppression Agent.
  Fire Safety Science. Proceedings. Seventh (7th) International Symposium. International Association for Fire Safety Science (IAFSS). June 16-21, 2003, Worcester, MA, Intl. Assoc. for Fire Safety Science, Boston, MA, Evans, D. D., Editor(s), 531-542 pp, 2003.
  Katta, V. R.; Takahashi, F.; Linteris, G. T.
• Radiation Transport Measurements in Methanol Pool Fires With Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy.
  NIST GCR 09-922; 138 p. January 2009.
  Yilmaz, A.
• Relationship Between Indoor Air Quality and Carbon Dioxide.
  Indoor Air Quality and Climate, 7th International Conference. Proceedings. Indoor Air '96. Volume 2. July 21-26, 1996, Nagoya, Japan, 961-966 pp, 1996.
  Persily, A. K.
• Rugged LED-Based Sensor for Fire Detection.
  NIST SP 965; February 2001.International Conference on Automatic Fire Detection "AUBE '01", 12th. Proceedings. National Institute of Standards and Technology. March 25-28, 2001, Gaithersburg, MD, Beall, K.; Grosshandler, W. L.; Luck, H., Editor(s)(s), 378-389 pp, 2001.
  Goldmeer, J.
• Simulation of Cup-Burner Flames in Microgravity.
  Combustion Institute/Central States Section. Third (3rd) Joint Meeting of the U.S. Sections. Session A4: Combustion I. Hosted by The Central States Section of the Combustion Institute and the University of Illinois at Chicago. March 16-19, 2003, Chicago, IL, A18/1-6 pp, 2003.
  Katta, V. R.; Takahashi, F.; Linteris, G. T.
• Simulations of Indoor Air Quality and Ventilation Impacts of Demand Controlled Ventilation in Commercial and Institutional Buildings.
  NISTIR 7042; 50 p. August 2003.
  Persily, A. K.; Musser, A.; Emmerich, S. J.; Taylor, A. W.
• Simulations of Indoor Air Quality and Ventilation Impacts of Demand Controlled Ventilation in Commercial and Institutional Buildings.
  Ventilation, Humidity Control and Energy Proceedings. Air Infiltration and Ventilation Centre (AIVC) Conference and Building Environment and Thermal Envelope Council (BETEC) Conference, 24th. Proceedings. (International Energy Agency (IEA) Energy Conservation in Buildings and Community Systems Program. Annex V: Air Infiltration and Ventilation Centre.) October 14, 2003, Washington, DC, 229-234 pp, 2003.
  Persily, A. K.; Musser, A.; Emmerich, S. J.; Taylor, M.
• Simultaneous Optical Measurement of Soot Volume Fraction, Temperature and CO2 in Heptane Pool Fire.
  Combustion Institute. Symposium (International) on Combustion, 25th. Proceedings. Abstracts of Symposium Papers. Session 02-B: Pool Fires. July 31-August 5, 1994, Irvine, CA, Combustion Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, 11 pp, 1994.
  Choi, M. Y.; Hamins, A.; Rushmeier, H.; Kashiwagi, T.
• State-of-the-Art Review of CO2 Demand Controlled Ventilation Technology and Application.
  NISTIR 6729; 47 p. March 2001.
  Emmerich, S. J.; Persily, A. K.
• Structure and Extinction of Low Strain Rate Non-Premixed Flames by an Agent in Microgravity.
  NISTIR 7445; 181 p. September 2007.
  Hamins, A.; Bundy, M.; Oh, C. B.; Fuss, S. P.; Logue, J.
• Study of Ventilation and Carbon Dioxide in an Office Building.
  ASHRAE Transactions, Vol. 100, No. 2, 1994.
  Nabinger, S. J.; Persily, A. K.; Dols, W. S.
• Study of Ventilation Measurement in an Office Building.
  NISTIR 4905; 42 p. October 1992.American Society for Testing and Materials. Airflow Performance of Building Envelopes, Components, and Systems. ASTM STP 1255. 1995, Philadelphia, PA, ASTM, West Conshocken, PA, Modera, M. P.; Persily, A. K., Editor(s)(s), 23-46 pp, 1992.
  Dols, W. S.; Persily, A. K.
• Study on Combustion Property of Crude Oil--A Joint Study Between NIST/CFR and FRI.
  NISTIR 4449;U.S./Japan Government Cooperative Program on Natural Resources (UJNR). Fire Research and Safety. 11th Joint Panel Meeting. October 19-24, 1989, Berkeley, CA, Jason, N. H.; Cramer, D. M., Editor(s)(s), 96-104 pp, 1990.
  Koseki, H.; Mulholland, G. W.; Jin, T.
• Suppression of Cup-Burner Flames Using Carbon Dioxide in Microgravity.
  Combustion and Flame, Vol. 137, No. 4, 506-522, June 2004.
  Katta, V. R.; Takahashi, F.; Linteris, G. T.
• Technique for Extrapolating Absorption Coefficient Measurements to High Temperatures.
  Combustion Institute, Symposium (International) on Combustion, 30th. Proceedings. Volume 30. Part 1. July 25-30, 2004, Chicago, IL, Combustion Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, Chen, J. H.; Colket, M. D.; Barlow, R. S.; Yetter, R. A., Editor(s)(s), 1565-1573 pp, 2005.
  Wakatsuki, K.; Fuss, S. P.; Hamins, A.; Nyden, M. R.
• Ternary Zeotropic Mixture With CO2 Component for R-22 Heat Pump Application.
  CLIMA 2000 Conference, Proceedings. August 30-September 2, 1997, Brussels, Belgium, 1-9 pp, 1997.
  Maczek, K.; Muller, J.; Wojtas, K.; Domanski, P. A.
• Using Multiple Sensors for Discriminating Fire Detection.
  Fire Suppression and Detection Research Application Symposium. Research and Practice: Bridging the Gap. Proceedings. Fire Protection Research Foundation. February 24-26, 1999, Orlando, FL, 150-164 pp, 1999.
  Milke, J. A.
• Using Multiple Sensors for Discriminating Fire Detection.
  Fire Suppression and Detection Research Application Symposium. Research and Practice: Bridging the Gap. Proceedings. Fire Protection Research Foundation. February 24-26, 1999, Orlando, FL, 150-164 pp, 1999.
  Milke, J. A.
• Ventilation Rates in U.S. Office Buildings From the EPA Base Study.
  Indoor Air Quality and Climate, 10th International Conference. Indoor Air 2005. Proceedings. September 4-9, 2005, Beijing, China, 917-921 pp, 2005.
  Persily, A. K.; Gorfain, J.; Brunner, G.
• Verification and Validation of Selected Fire Models for Nuclear Power Plant Applications. Volume 5. Consolidated Fire Growth and Smoke Transport Model (CFAST).
  NUREG-1824; EPRI 1011999; Volume 5; 206 p. May 2007.
  Peacock, R. D.; Reneke, P. A.
• Verification and Validation of Selected Fire Models for Nuclear Power Plant Applications. Volume 7. Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS).
  NUREG-1824; EPRI 1011999; Volume 7; 205 p. May 2007.
  McGrattan, K. B.
• Vortex-Coupled Oscillations of Edge Diffusion Flames in Coflowing Air With Dilution.
  Volume 31; Part 1;Combustion Institute, Symposium (International) on Combustion, 31st. Proceedings. Volume 31. Part 1. August 5-11, 2006, Heidelberg, Germany, Combustion Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, Barlow, R. S.; Sick, V.; Glarborg, P.; Yetter, R. A., Editor(s)(s), 1575-1582 pp, 2007.
  Takahashi, F.; Linteris, G. T.; Katta, V. R.